Geotextiles are permeable, synthetic fabrics—usually polypropylene or polyester—used in civil engineering to stabilize, separate, filter, and drain soil. They enhance construction durability by preventing soil mixing, reinforcing roads/slopes, and controlling erosion, acting as a flexible, durable barrier in construction projects.

Key Types of Geotextiles:-

Woven: High-strength fabrics used for separation and reinforcement in road construction and embankments.

Non-woven: Felt-like materials used for filtration, drainage, and erosion control, allowing water to pass while retaining soil.  Key Functions and Applications:- 

Separation: Prevents different materials (like gravel and soft subgrade) from mixing.

Stabilization: Increases load-bearing capacity for roads, railways, and foundations.

Filtration/Drainage: Enables water movement while keeping soil particles in place, ideal for retaining walls and French drains.

Erosion Control: Protects slopes and banks from water-driven movement.

Benefits of Geotextile Use:-

Cost Savings: Extends the life of paved/unpaved roads and reduces maintenance.

Durability: Made from durable, high-strength materials that withstand harsh conditions.

Improved Structural Performance: Enhances soil stability in challenging, weak, or marshy conditions.